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Background@#The purpose of this research was to assess the role of heparanase (HPSE)/syndecan1 (SDC1)erve growth factor (NGF) on cancer pain from melanoma. @*Methods@#The influence of HPSE on the biological function of melanoma cells and cancer pain in a mouse model was evaluated. Immunohistochemical staining was used to analyze HPSE and SDC1. HPSE, NGF, and SDC1 were detected using western blot. Inflammatory factors were detected using ELISA assay. @*Results@#HPSE promoted melanoma cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumor growth, as well as cancer pain, while SST0001 treatment reversed the promoting effect of HPSE. HPSE up-regulated NGF, and NGF feedback promoted HPSE. High expression of NGF reversed the inhibitory effect of HPSE down-regulation on melanoma cell phenotype deterioration, including cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion. SST0001 down-regulated SDC1 expression. SDC1 reversed the inhibitory effect of SST0001 on cancer pain. @*Conclusions@#The results showed that HPSE promoted melanoma development and cancer pain by interacting with NGF/SDC1. It provides new insights to better understand the role of HPSE in melanoma and also provides a new direction for cancer pain treatment.
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ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical effects of guiding apparatus assisted individual posterior cervical pedicle screw fixation technique.MethodsThe study enrolled 24 patients treated with posterior cervical decompressive single open-door laminoplasty and transpedicular screw-rod fixation from January 2008 to December 2010.The point of screw penetration and screw path direction were confirmed by measuring the transverse nail angle (TNA) and sagittal nail angle (SNA) of nail channel on the pre-operative CT plain scan of cervical pedicle and sagittal two-dimensional imaging of transpedicular axis.According to the results of CT measurement,individual cervical pedicle screw was implanted with the assistance of self-made guiding apparatus and then fixed after decompression.Transverse screw angle ( TSA ) and sagittal screw angle ( SSA ) were determined on the CT scan of cervical pedicle and sagittal two-dimensional imaging of transpedicular axis one week postoperatively in order to analyze the accuracy of placement of pedicle screws.Periodical anteroposterior and lateral X-ray radiographs of cervical vertebra were taken postoperatively to detect the stabilization of internal fixation.ResultsA total of 223 pedicle screws were inserted successfully into the C3 ～ C7,of which 220 crews were inserted accurately but three had slight inclination according to the postoperative CT,with placement accuracy of 98.7％.The comparison between inclination angle of inserted screws and that of preoperative transpedicular axis showed insignificant statistical difference ( P ＞ 0.05 ).All the patients were followed up for 6-34 months ( mean,18.5 months),which showed no neurovascular complications related to screws perforation out of pedicle cortex or no screw loosening,prolapse or breakage.ConclusionPosterior cervical pedicle screw insertionperformed according to the individual CT measurement is easy and safe and has a high accuracy rate under the assistance of self-made guiding apparatus.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of the cannulated screw fixation in treatment of the dens fracture under locational guidance. Methods The study involved 27 patients treated with the cannulated screw fixation under locational guidance from January 2005 to January 2009.There were 19 patients with type II fracture and eight with type light m fracture.The lateral and open mouth position X-ray examination of the cervical ventebrae was done to observe the fracture healing. Results The operation lasted for a range of 40 minutes to 1.3 hour (average 1.0 hour),which showed no any complications.The patients were followed up for average 6.5 months(3-12 months),which showed sound fracture healing in 26 patients but nonhealing in one. Conclusion The cannulated screw fixation for treatment of the dens fracture under locational guidance is characterized by easy operation,minor trauma and satisfactory outcome.
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Objective To discuss diagnosis and anterior surgical treatment of hyperextensian cervical spine injury combined with intervertebral disk injury. Methods A retrospective study was done on clinical data of 27 patients who suffered from hyperextension cervical spine injury combined with intervertebral disk injury to analyze their age distribution, clinical symptomes, X-ray and MRi manifesta-tions and perioperative intervertebral disk injury. All patients were treated with discectomy, strut bone grafting within vertebral bodies and internal fixation with titanium plate. The clinical outcomes were evalu-ated by using Frankel scale and ASIA motor score (AMS). Results Both MRI and X-ray detected following abnormal pathological changes in all patients: rupture of anterior longitudinal ligament, horizon-tal tear of disk, intervertebral disk hernia, compression and edema of spinal cord. The follow-up lasted for 9-32 months (average 17.5 months), which showed that all patients got improvement for 1-3 scales except that one patient with Frankel A had no improvement in neurological function. Compared with AMS on admission, both AMS at two months after surgery and at final follow-up was increased significantly, with recovery rate of AMS for 44.9% and 68.1%, respectively. There found no hardware related compli-cations such as implant loosening, defluxion or breakage. Bone fusion was found in all fixation segments. Conclusions MRI and X-ray are important examination means for hyperextension cervical spine injury combined with intervertebral disk injury. On a specified diagnosis, anterior surgical treatment should be done early and can get satisfactory recovery of spinal cord function.
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[Objective]To observe the surgical treatment for the huge disc herniation of C3、4.[Method]Sixteen patients with huge disc herniation of C3、4 were operated upon with combined posterior decompression of expansive open-door laminoplasty with anterior decompression,bone graft and plate fixation.After operation,neurological findings,height of the interbody space and fusion rate of the space were observed.[Result]All the patients were followed up for an average of more than six months,all of them did not get secondary nerve injuries in operation,neurological function were improved obviously and all the affected interbody space got solid fusion.Based on the standard of Odom,50% of the patients were very good,25 % good,25 % general,and the effective rate was about 100%,excellent rate was about 75%.[Conclusion]The combined posterior with anterior decopression and interbody fusion for treatment of huge disc herniation of C3、4 has advantage of more security in removing the prolapsed disc,improvement of the interbody fusion rate,keeping the height ofinterbody space.This procedure is one of the effective operative methods in the treatment of huge disc herniation of C3、4.
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[Objective]To study the feasibility and clinical effect of the treatment of thoracolumbar vertebral fracture with limited decompression of neighbouring segments with internal fixation and intervertebral body fusion.[Method]Forty-three patients with thoracolumbar fractures were treated with this technique.The fusion of bone graft,reduction rate of fracture,nerve functional recovery,the loosening of rectification,subsequent low back pain,and the degeneration of adjacent segments were evaluated.[Result]All cases were followed up for 21.4 months and showed the results of strong spine bony fusion,96.1% satisfactory reduction rate without reduction lost,various differences of nerve functional improvement,a rank-sum test P